φθάνω · 1 место

1. I imperfect ἔφθανον : future φθήσομαι ; but φθάσω [ᾰ] : aorist ἔφθᾰσα ; optative 3rd.pers. singular φθάσειε (this tense prevails in later Gk., ; Doric dialect ἔφθασσα aorist is ἔφθην, , but the more usual form in ; plural ἔφθημεν, -ητε, -ησαν, , Epic dialect plural 3 φθάν subjunctive φθῶ, Epic dialect 3rd.pers. singular φθήῃ, φθῇσιν, ; Epic dialect 1st pers. plural φθέωμεν ; 3rd.pers. plural φθέωσι ; optative φθαίην, Epic dialect 3rd.pers. singular φθαίησι (παρα-) ; infinitive φθῆναι ; participle φθάς ; Epic dialect participle middle φθάμενος perfect ἔφθᾰκα ; πέφθακα : pluperfect ἐφθάκει :—passive, : imperfect ἐφθάνετο ; ἐφθάνοντο : aorist ἐφθάσθην . [φθᾰνω always in Attic dialect (so also in ; φθᾱνω in ]:—come or do first or before others:
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   8th c.BC+ · 5th c.BC+ · 8th c.BC+ · 5th c.BC+ · 5th c.BC+ · 5th c.BC+ · 2nd c.BC+ · 3rd c.BC+ · 5th c.BC+ · 5th c.BC+ · 5th c.BC+ · 8th c.BC+ · 8th c.BC+ · 8th c.BC+ · 5th c.BC+ · 5th c.BC+ · 8th c.BC+ · LXX+4th c.BC+ · 3rd c.AD+ · 1st c.AD+ · 4th c.BC+ · 1st c.AD+ · 1st c.BC+ · 8th c.BC+
2. I with accusative person, to be beforehand with, overtake, outstrip, in running or otherwise, φθάνει δέ τε καὶ τὸν ἄγοντα ; so ἔφθησαν τὸν χειμῶνα they anticipated the storm, :—passive, to be overtaken, ὑπό τινος ; ἐφθάσθην (see. above).
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   NT+8th c.BC+ · 5th c.BC+ · 4th c.BC+
3. II absolutely, come or act first, opposed to ὑστερέω or ὑστερίζω, ; τοῦ φθάσαντος ἁρπαγή the prey of the first comer, ; in later writers, τὰ φθάσαντα the things before mentioned, ; participle φθάνων, φθάσας previous, τῶν φθασάντων δυεῖν βιβλίων ; ἐν τοῖς φθάνουσιν ἔργοις Dex.Hist. previous time, ; τὸ φθάσαν, τὰ φθάσαντα, the past
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   5th c.BC+ · 5th c.BC+ · 4th c.BC+ · 3rd c.AD+ · 1st c.AD+ · 2nd c.AD+ · 4th c.BC+
4. II.2 with Preps., come or arrive first, ἕως τῶν οὐρανῶν .., simply, arriveat, attain to, : absolutely, of Time, arrive, καιρὸς τῆς τομῆς ἔφθακε (variant{ἔφθασεν}) ; ἔφθασεν ὁ μὴν ὁ ἕβδομος
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   LXX+NT · NT+1st c.AD+ · LXX · LXX
5. II.2.bextend μέχρι γῆς
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   3rd c.AD+
6. II.2.creach αἰθέρα
7. II.2.d Grammars, to be applied or applicable, ἐπ᾽ ἀμφοτέρας τὰς διαθέσεις
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   2nd c.AD+
8. III the action in which one is beforehand is expressed by the participle agreeing with the subject, [Ἄτη] πολλὸν ὑπεκπροθέει, φθάνει δέ τε πᾶσαν ἐπ᾽ αἶαν βλάπτουσ᾽ ἀνθρώπους and is beforehand in doing men mischief, ; ἀλλ᾽ ἄρα μιν φθῆ Τηλέμαχος κατόπισθε βαλών Telemachus was beforehand with him in striking, i.e. struck first, ; ἔφθησαν ἀπικόμενοι arrived first, ; so φ. εὐεργετῶν to be the first to show a kindness, participle passive is also used, ἦ κε πολὺ φθαίη πόλις ἁλοῦσα, i.e. it would be taken first, ; εἴ κε φθήῃ τυπείς shall be wounded first, ; φθαίητε γὰρ ἂν.. ἐξανδραποδισθέντες ἣ.. ; φθάνειν δεῖ πεφραγμένους τοὶς πόρους they must first be blocked up, were drawn up before the drivers, ; more frequently by πρὶν.. or ἢ.., ἔφθη ὀρεξάμενος, πρὶν οὐτάσαι ; ἔφθησαν ἀναβάντες πρὶν ἢ.. ; ἔφθησαν ἐκπεσόντες πρότερον ἢ..
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   8th c.BC+ · 8th c.BC+ · 5th c.BC+ · 5th c.BC+ · 8th c.BC+ · 5th c.BC+ · 8th c.BC+ · 8th c.BC+ · 5th c.BC+
9. III.b in later Gr., with participle to express previous action or happening, φθάνω ὑμῖν πρότερον γεγραφηκώς I have already written to you, , etc.; ἔφθασα εἰρηκώς
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   2nd c.AD+ · 2nd c.AD+
10. III.2 in the same sense, participle φθάς or φθάσας, Epic dialect φθάμενος, is used like an adverb with a principal Verb, ὅς μ᾽ ἔβαλε φθάμενος, for ὅς μ᾽ ἔφθη βαλών, ; οὐκ ἄλλος φθὰς ἐμεῦ κατήγορος ἔσται no other shall be an accuser before me, ; ἀνέῳξάς με φθάσας you opened the door before me, ; even with a participle, φθάσας.. ἁρπάσας ; rarely participle present, φθάνοντες δῃοῦμεν
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    8th c.BC+ · 5th c.BC+ · 5th c.BC+ · 5th c.BC+ · 5th c.BC+
11. III.2.b in signification already paid them, ; but ὡσεὶ καὶ ὁμογενῆ φθάσας εἶπον as if I had said (not had already said) ὁ.
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    4th c.AD+ · 2nd c.AD+
12. III.3 rarely with infinitive, ὁ φθάσας θαρσῆσαι he that first gains confidence, ; σπεύδειν ὅπως.. φθαίης ἔτ᾽ εἰς ἐκκλησίαν ἐλθεῖν (variant{ἐλθών}) hurry to be in time to get to.., ; μόλις φθάνει θρόνοισιν ἐμπεσοῦσα μὴ χαμαὶ πεσεῖν hardly manages by falling first on the seat not to fall on the ground, ; more frequently in later writers, of actions which one manages to do, does before or has done first or already, ; ἐὰν ὁ ἰατρὸς αὐτὸ φθάσῃ κενῶσαι ; φθάνοντος ἤδη πυρέττειν ἐκ τεττάρων ἡμερῶν τοῦ νοσοῦντος having already begun, ; μὴ φθάνων προσηκόντως τρέφεσθαι if he is not first suitably nourished, ; συμβαίνει φθάνειν ἀποθνῄσκειν τοὺς νεωτέρους the young die first, ; εἰ φθάσαιμεν παλαιοὺς πίθους ἔχειν μεγάλους if we already have..
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    5th c.BC+ · 5th c.BC+ · 5th c.BC+ · 3rd c.BC+ · 2nd c.AD+ · 2nd c.AD+
13. IV with negatives
14. IV.1 with οὐ and participle (infinitive is see reading in you must no sooner get your beard than you march, ; οὐ φθάνει ἐξαγόμενος καὶ εὐθὺς ὅμοιός ἐστι τοῖς ἀκαθάρτοις no sooner is he brought out than he becomes unclean, ; οὐκ ἔφθημεν εἰς Τροιζῆν᾽ ἐλθόντες καὶ τοιαύταις νόσοις ἐλήφθημεν ἐξ ὧν.. no sooner had we come to Troezen than.., ; οὐκ ἔφθη μοι συμβᾶσα ἡ ἀτυχία καὶ εὐθὺς ἐπεχείρησαν διαφορῆσαι τἄνδοθεν scarcely or no sooner had misfortune befallen me when..
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    5th c.BC+ · 5th c.BC+ · 5th c.BC+ · 5th c.BC+ · 5th c.BC+
15. IV.2 οὐκ ἂν φθάνοις, οὐκ ἂν φθάνοιτε, with participle present, express a strong exhortation or urgent command, οὐκ ἂν φθάνοιτε τὴν ταχίστην ὀπίσω ἀπαλλασσόμενοι you could not be too quick in departing, i.e. make haste and be off, ; οὐ φθάνοιτ᾽ ἔτ᾽ ἄν θνῄσκοντες make haste and die, ; εἰς ἀγορὰν ἰὼν ταχέως οὐκ ἂν φθάνοις ; these phrases are not to be treated as questions, compare οὐκ ἂν φθάνοιμι (i.e. λέγων) : with participle aorist, once in
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    5th c.BC+ · 5th c.BC+ · 5th c.BC+ · 5th c.BC+ · 2nd c.AD+
16. IV.2.b in shall hear in a moment, ; οὐκ ἂν φθάνοι τὸ πλῆθος τούτοις τοῖς θηρίοις δουλεῦον will soon (or inevitably) be enslaved to.., ; also to express what is logically inevitable, οὐκ ἂν φθάνοιεν αὐτοὺς προσκυνοῦντες they will soon be (or cannot logically help) worshipping them, Aristeas 137; τοῦτο μὲν οὐκ ἂν φθάνοις καὶ Ἐμπεδοκλεῖ πρὸ αὐτοῦ ἐγκαλῶν : with participle aorist
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    5th c.BC+ · 4th c.BC+ · 2nd c.AD+

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